Abstract: Transcriptomics is a discipline that studies the disease process of a certain body tissue from the perspective of molecular mechanism. Transcriptomics sequencing technology has been widely used in research in various fields. In the transcriptomic study of ophthalmic diseases, cornea, aqueous humor, lens and retina are rich in a large amount of genetic information, which are ideal research objects of transcriptomics. Transcriptomics sequencing technology, through sequence hybridization or gene sequencing approach, applied in the laboratory and clinical researches on some ophthalmic diseases, such as microbial keratitis, congenital cataract, uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, will provide a new direction for the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.(Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2022, 46: 391-396)

Key words: transcriptomics, RNA-seq technology, ophthalmic diseases